| Common Name | Onion |
| Scientific Name | Allium cepa |
| Shape | Globular to oval |
| Size (Diameter) | 4–10 cm (varies by variety) |
| Weight | 100–300 grams (average) |
| Color (Outer Skin) | Yellow, red, or white |
| Color (Flesh) | White or slightly off-white |
| Texture (Outer Skin) | Dry, papery |
| Texture (Flesh) | Crisp and firm |
| Aroma | Pungent when cut |
| Taste | Pungent to sweet, depending on type |
| Moisture Content | 85–90% |
| Density | Approximately 0.84–0.95 g/cm³ |
| Layer Structure | Concentric, fleshy scales |
| Shelf Life (at room temp) | 2–3 weeks (if stored properly) |